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July 21, 2025
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Leaks around the toilet base usually mean water is escaping from under the toilet—not from the tank or bowl. The most common causes are:
● A worn or faulty wax ring seal
● Loose toilet bolts causing the seal to shift
● Cracked toilet base or flange
● Condensation on the toilet tank dripping down (less common)
● Improper installation or movement over time
Identifying the cause is the first step to fixing it properly.
Step 1: Confirm the Leak Source
Before taking anything apart:
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Dry the floor completely around the toilet
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Flush the toilet
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Watch closely—if water appears at the base, you likely have a wax ring or bolt issue
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Check for water dripping from the tank, inlet pipe, or shut-off valve—this could mimic a base leak
If the water consistently appears only at the floor, you’re dealing with a toilet base leak.
Step 2: Turn Off the Water Supply
To begin the repair:
● Locate the isolation valve (usually on the wall behind or to the side of the toilet)
● Turn it clockwise to shut off the water
● Flush the toilet to empty the tank and bowl
● Use a sponge or towel to remove any remaining water from the tank and base
Step 3: Remove the Toilet
To access and fix the toilet base seal:
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Remove the caps covering the floor bolts
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Use a wrench to unscrew the nuts
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Disconnect the water inlet hose from the tank
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Gently rock the toilet back and forth to break the seal
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Carefully lift the toilet and place it on an old towel or cardboard nearby
Step 4: Replace the Wax Ring
The wax ring creates a watertight seal between the toilet and the waste pipe:
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Scrape away the old wax ring from the toilet and floor flange using a putty knife
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Inspect the toilet flange—it should be clean, unbroken, and level
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Press a new wax ring into place (onto the toilet outlet or floor flange, depending on type)
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Reposition the toilet directly over the bolts, lower it carefully, and press down firmly to compress the seal
Step 5: Reattach the Toilet
Once the seal is in place:
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Tighten the floor bolts evenly—do not overtighten, as this could crack the toilet base
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Reconnect the water supply line
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Turn the water supply back on
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Let the tank refill and perform a test flush
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Check around the base for leaks
Step 6: Seal the Base (Optional)
Once the leak is fixed and you're confident the seal is watertight:
● You can apply a thin bead of silicone caulk around the toilet base for a clean look
● Leave a small gap at the back to monitor any future leaks
Tip: Don’t caulk before testing—the seal must be fully leak-free first.
When to Call a Plumber
Call a professional if:
● The toilet flange is damaged or loose
● You notice cracks in the porcelain
● The leak returns after replacing the wax ring
● You’re not confident lifting and reinstalling the toilet
A licensed plumber can ensure everything is aligned and sealed properly.
Preventing Future Toilet Base Leaks
● Avoid rocking or shifting the toilet, which can break the seal
● Tighten bolts gently over time if they loosen
● Inspect the floor for soft spots or moisture regularly
● Replace wax rings during any major bathroom upgrade
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Published: July 28, 2025
Updated: August 5, 2025